In 1865, The Civil War ended and President Lincoln was assassinated in Ford's Theater by actor John Wilkes Booth. A period called Reconstruction was born. During this period newly- freed slaves were granted protection by the government. The Thirteenth Amendment was ratified on 12/6/1865 and it declared that Slavery or any other form of involuntary servitude was illegal unless it was being used as a form of punishment for a crime. The Fourteenth Amendment was ratified on 7/9/1865 and it declared that all citizens born or naturalized in the United States were now official citizens, and No State had the right to create a Law that interfered with the privileges that people received by being citizens. Plessy v. Ferguson dealt with these two amendments.
In 1866, The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was passed by Congress over the Veto of President Johnson on 6/9/1866. The act declared that all people, regardless of race, color or previous condition were now citizens so long as they were born or naturalized in the United States.
In 1870, the Fifteenth Amendment was ratified 2/3/1870 and it declared that all Black men over the age of 21 could vote.
In 1875, The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was introduced by Charles Sumner and Benjamin Butler, and became a law on 3/4/1875. This act declared that all people regardless of race, color, or previous condition were entitled to full or equal employment of accommodation of inns, public places or other forms of public amusement.
In 1883, there was a compilation of cases known as The Civil Rights Cases of 1833 that were brought to the attention of the Supreme Court. These cases dealt with The Civil Rights Acts of 1886 and 1875 and the Fourteenth Amendment.
Plessy V. Ferguson was a landmark case in the history of the United States and the United States Supreme Court. It questioned the constitutionality of seperating races.
- Luellen Davis
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